How did the Catholic Church initially respond to Luther's 95 Theses?

The Catholic Church's initial response to Luther's 95 Theses was to excommunicate him, which reflects the seriousness with which the Church viewed his challenge to its authority and teachings. Martin Luther's criticisms, especially against the sale of indulgences and the overall corruption within the Church, sparked significant controversy. As the movement gained traction and his ideas spread, Pope Leo X recognized the potential threat Luther posed to Church unity and doctrine. The excommunication in 1521 was a clear indication that the Church intended to maintain control and preserve its traditional teachings in the face of dissent. This act marked a pivotal moment in the Reformation, as it not only severed Luther's ties with the Catholic Church but also galvanized support among those who were dissatisfied with the Church, ultimately leading to the establishment of Protestant denominations.