What did the Peace of Augsburg achieve?

The Peace of Augsburg was a significant treaty established in 1555 that effectively ended the religious civil war between Catholic and Lutheran princes in the Holy Roman Empire. It was crucial in allowing each prince the authority to determine the religion of their own state—either Lutheranism or Catholicism. This principle of "cuius regio, eius religio," meaning "whose realm, his religion," laid the groundwork for the coexistence of Protestantism and Catholicism in various regions of Germany, marking a pivotal moment in the Reformation's impact on European politics and religion.

The other options do not accurately describe the outcome of the Peace of Augsburg. The treaty did not establish a single religion across Germany; rather, it recognized multiple faiths. It also did not aim to unify Catholic and Protestant regions but allowed for their coexistence. Additionally, it did not create a document for religious intolerance; instead, it represented a compromise aimed at promoting peace amidst pluralism in the religious landscape of the Holy Roman Empire.