What does vernacular refer to in the context of the Renaissance?

In the context of the Renaissance, vernacular refers to the common or native language spoken by the general population, as opposed to classical languages like Latin or Greek, which were used in scholarly and religious contexts. The Renaissance was a period marked by a revival of interest in classical knowledge and culture, but it also emphasized the importance of making literature, art, and education accessible to ordinary people.

By using the vernacular, writers and thinkers such as Dante, Chaucer, and Luther were able to communicate their ideas and works to a broader audience, breaking away from the exclusivity of Latin, which was primarily understood by the educated elite. This shift towards vernacular languages empowered ordinary people, encouraging the spread of literacy and the sharing of ideas across different social classes.