What is the term for the belief that God has already chosen who will be saved?

The belief that God has already chosen who will be saved is known as predestination. This theological concept suggests that before the foundation of the world, God has determined the fate of each individual regarding salvation. This idea was notably emphasized by John Calvin during the Reformation, where it became a central tenet of Calvinist doctrine. Predestination underscores the sovereignty of God in the process of salvation and implies that individuals do not have the ability to influence their ultimate fate in relation to salvation.

Understanding predestination is key to exploring the broader themes of the Reformation, particularly the emphasis on divine grace and the limitations of human free will in matters of salvation.