What type of governance is characterized by a combination of religious and political authority?

The type of governance characterized by a combination of religious and political authority is known as a theocracy. In a theocratic system, religious leaders or institutions hold significant power and influence over political matters, and the laws of the state are often derived from religious principles or texts. This blend of governance reflects the belief that the authority of leaders is sanctioned by a divine power, making religious doctrine central to the functioning of the government.

In contrast, other forms of governance such as oligarchy rely on a small group of elite individuals, democracy emphasizes participation and representation by the populace, and meritocracy focuses on governance based on individual talent and abilities rather than religious affiliation or authority. Theocracy distinctly sets itself apart by intertwining spiritual leadership with political governance, which underscores the importance of religion in shaping laws and societal norms.