Which Pope established a commission to examine church doctrines and practices during the Catholic Reformation?

Pope Paul III is recognized for establishing the Commission of Cardinals in 1535 to scrutinize church doctrines and practices during the Catholic Reformation, a crucial period that aimed to address the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation. This commission played a significant role in the Counter-Reformation efforts of the Catholic Church, which included clarifying doctrines, reforming church practices, and reaffirming the authority of the Pope.

Under Pope Paul III, the Council of Trent was convened, which was instrumental in responding to Protestant reforms and laying down the guidelines for the Catholic faith. His leadership marked a pivotal moment in the Catholic Church's response to its internal issues as well as the external pressures from Protestantism. This was a transformative time when the Church sought not only to reform itself but also to reestablish its influence and credibility in the face of growing dissent.