Which term refers to a worldly focus, emphasizing the present rather than the afterlife?

The term that refers to a worldly focus, emphasizing the present rather than the afterlife, is secularism. Secularism emerged during the Renaissance as a viewpoint advocating for a separation of religious considerations from public life and focusing on human affairs, experiences, and values in the here and now. This perspective marked a significant shift from the medieval emphasis on religious doctrine and the afterlife to a greater appreciation for the material world and human experiences.

Secularism encourages the exploration of life on earth and the enjoyment of life's pleasures without strictly prioritizing religious or spiritual matters. This worldview allowed for the flourishing of art, science, and philosophy during the Renaissance, illustrating a growing interest in understanding the human condition and the natural world based on empirical evidence and observation.

Humanism, while related, directly focuses on human potential and achievements, prioritizing the study of classical texts and cultural development rather than a specific emphasis on worldly experiences apart from religious context. Individualism promotes the idea of personal identity and self-reliance, which can be part of secular thought but does not inherently emphasize the secular focus on earthly existence. Rationalism centers on reason and evidence as the foundation of knowledge, which can also coexist with religious beliefs, making it less directly related to the idea of a